Applicability of coherent x-ray diffractive imaging to ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, and phase change materials

Rapid development in the field of ferroelectric and magnetic materials has attracted much interest past decade. The underlying mechanisms fundamental phenomenon phase transitions these are extremely important understanding their physical properties potential technological applications. Therefore, it is vital for advancement high-resolution versatile imaging techniques that enable high-throughput nano-scale characterization nano-crystals electronic devices. X-ray based such as Bragg coherent x-ray diffractive (CXDI) been one dominant nondestructive tools with refraction sensitivities provide quantitative information bulk crystals associated nano-devices. In this review, we will focus on recent developments using CXDI at state-of-art endstations synchrotron radiation facilities worldwide to understand structures structural transition complex materials. We also present our perspectives opportunities challenges characterization.